SINTESIS DME BERBAHAN DASAR SYNGAS DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN REAKTOR CSTR DAN PFR

Holisoh Holisoh

Sari


Dimetileter memiliki bilangan oktana tinggi dan sifat mirip dengan LPG, dapat digunakan sebagai bahan bakar diesel untuk mobil dan LPG alternatif untuk rumah tangga. Reaksi sintesis DME merupakan reaksi kesetimbangan yang dipengaruhi oleh kemampuan aktivitas katalis. Penanganan panas hasil reaksi dapat berpengaruh pada terbentuknya reaksi sekunder, sehingga mengurangi pembentukan DME. Dalam penelitian telah dicoba proses sintesis dengan 2(dua) reaktor yang berbeda yaitu reaktor CSTR (Continuous Stirer Tank reactor) dan PFR (Flug Flow Reactor) untuk mempelajari kemampuan katalis sintesis DME. Maksud dan tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan teknologi sintesis DME dengan menggunakan reaktor CSTR dan PFR, serta mempelajari kinerja katalis terhadap produk DME pada reaktor tersebut. Katalis yang digunakan terdiri dari katalis sintesis metanol Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 dan katalis dehidrasi ?- Al2O3, HZSM-5. Uji kinerja katalis DME kopresitasi pada reaktor CSTR menghasilkan hidrokarbon ringan (54,52%), metanol (25,15 %), dan DME (10,10%). Panas reaksi berlebih pada reaktor CSTR menurunkan aktvitas katalis dehidrasi. Sedangkan pada reaktor Plug Flow Reactor (PFR) dengan sistem unggun katalis fixed bed katalis ko impegrasi memberikan komposisi produk DME yang baik yaitu DME (88 %), metanol (10 %), dan sedikit hidrokarbon ringan (2%). Reaktor PFR memberikan penanganan panas yang lebih baik, dan mampu memberikan produk reaksi lebih baik dari pada reaktor CSTR.


Kata Kunci


dimetileter; katalis; reaktor CSTR; reaktor PFR

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Referensi


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.29017/LPMGB.52.1.92