Seleksi Mikroba dan Nutrisi yang Berpotensi Menghasilkan Biosurfaktan untuk MEOR
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Biosurfaktan merupakan surfaktan yang dihasilkan oleh mikroba dari golongan bakteri hidrokarbonoklastik yang memiliki kemampuan menurunkan tegangan antar muka. Faktor keberhasilan dalam produksi biosurfaktan ditentukan dari jenis mikroba dan nutrisi yang digunakan. Kegiatan penelitian ini terdiri atas empat tahapan yaitu aktivasi dan kultivasi mikroba, seleksi mikroba penghasil biosurfaktan, kurva pertumbuhan mikroba, seleksi nutrisi. Aktivasi dan kultivasi mikroba dilakukan dalam tiga tahapan dengan masa inkubasi masing-masing tahapan yaitu 37oC selama 24 jam. Hasil seleksi mikroba penghasil biosurfaktan diperoleh tiga jenis mikroba dari tujuh mikroba yang diuji, berdasarkan indikasi luasnya zona lisis yang terbentuk pada media agar darah yaitu, BLCC B-3, BLCC B-4 dan BLCC B-5. Hasil uji lanjut terhadap ketiga mikroba tersebut pada media minyak dengan mengukur tegangan antar muka (IFT), menghasilkan dua mikroba dengan nilai IFT yang terendah yaitu BLCC B-3 dan BLCC B-5. Hasil screening nutrisi berdasarkan pengukuran Tegangan Antar Muka (IFT), Viskositas, Total Plate Count (TPC), dan pH, menunjukkan media BC-4 dan media PA-4 mendukung aktivitas mikroba dalam memproduksi biosurfaktan.
Biosurfactant is a surfactant derived from hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria which are capable to reduce surface tension. The successful biosurfactant productions are determined by nutrition and microbial species. This research consists of 4 main steps: activation and cultivation of microbes, microbial growth curves, screening of surfactant producing bacteria, and screening of nutrition. Microbial activation and cultivation conducted in 3 sequential cultivation in 24 hours incubation time at 37oC. Screening of surfactant producing bacteria from 7 microbial isolates obtained 3 isolates which show positive result based on diameter of hemolytic area on blood agar. They are BLCC B-3, BLCC B-4 and BLCC B-5. The interfacial tension (IFT) examination result from these 3 isolates showed that BLCC B-3 and BLCC B-5 had the lowest IFT value. The result of nutrition screening based on IFT, viscosity, Total Plate Count, and pH show that BC-4 and PA-4 media are the best composition of media that support the microbes in producing surfactants.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.29017/LPMGB.47.2.222
